Parents
|
TT
|
X
|
tt
|
Tall
|
(Dwarf)
|
||
F₂
|
|||
Gametes
|
T
|
T
|
|
T
|
TT
|
Tt
|
|
(Tall)
|
(Tall)
|
||
T
|
Tt
|
Tt
|
|
(Tall)
|
(Dwarf)
|
The law of
segregation or purity of gametes: These pair of characters in an individual
segregate from each other during the formation of gametes. In one pair of
contrasting character alleles segregate in 3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1
genotypic ratio.
The law of
independent assortment: In the formation of gametes the segregation of one pair
of allele is independent of the therefore gametes containing all possible
combination of these alleles will be produced in equal numbers. In a dihybrid
cross the F₂
phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1.
After 100 years
of Mendel’s first publication, the three scientists Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns
and Erich von Tschermak re-examined and verified Mendel’s laws and science of
genetics was launched.
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